Psychology Multiple Choice Question — Easy ?

2. The products of naturalistic observation are best described in terms of
a. explanation.
b. theory.
c. prediction.
d. description.
3. A psychologist who studies family dynamics and their effects on behavior of individuals in different regions would probably be a __________ psychologist.
a. learning
b. cultural
c. developmental
d. cognitive
4. A psychologist observes the confrontation between two rival neighborhood gangs from the window of an abandoned building. This method of collecting observations is best described as
a. experimental regression.
b. naturalistic observation.
c. controlled experimentation.
d. clinical case study.
5. Which of the following is considered a disadvantage of naturalistic observation?
a. It provides an overabundance of information.
b. It deals with behavior not tampered with by outside influences.
c. It limits biased observations through careful record keeping.
d. It does not identify the cause of observed behavior.
6. To prevent ethical abuse in psychological research, the APA has suggested that
a. psychologists must treat all subjects with respect and concern for the subject’s dignity.
b. psychologists must avoid deception with using human subjects.
c. all data collected from a person must be made public.
d. all psychological harm to subjects must be corrected by counseling.
7. Three major ethical concerns of psychological researchers are deception, lasting harm to subjects, and
a. morality of the question under investigation.
b. loss of future research possibilities.
c. falsified results.
d. invasion of privacy.
8. Basic ethical guidelines for psychological researchers include
a. ensuring that participation is involuntary.
b. harming the subjects when necessary.
c. minimizing confidentiality.
d. providing results and interpretations to participants.
9. One of the limitations of the survey method is
a. observer bias.
b. that it sets up an artificial situation.
c. that replies may not be accurate.
d. the self-fulfilling prophecy.
10. The survey method involves
a. an in-depth study of the opinions and attitudes of a selected individual.
b. an overview of the attitudes and backgrounds of selected groups.
c. direct observation and recording of a representative sample of behavior.
d. careful questioning of a representative sample of people.
11. Giving placebos in drug experiments is necessary to
a. counteract the random assignment of subjects.
b. counteract the side effects of the drug.
c. control for the effects of suggestion and expectation.
d. keep control subjects from knowing they have been given the drug.
12. One of the limitations of the case study is that
a. there are few subjects for which it is applicable.
b. there are no control groups.
c. it is not applicable to the study of bizarre behavior.
d. it requires a large and expensive sample size.
13. A scientist wants to find out if there is empirical evidence for a relationship between caffeine and aggressive behavior. She would
a. interview people to get their opinions.
b. correlate newspaper accounts and the types of beverages consumed.
c. test the idea by conducting an experiment.
d. research what other experts had thought.
14. In a weight-reduction experiment, an overweight individual was given what the researcher called a new type of diet pill that would help curb the desire to eat. In fact, the pill really contained powdered milk, but ever since the individual started taking the diet pill, he has reported that his desire to eat has decreased. This illustrates the
a. curvilinear relationship.
b. effect of extraneous variables.
c. natural experiment.
d. placebo effect.
15. An educated guess about what is controlling some behavior is called
a.
b. a hypothesis.
c.
d.
16. Responding to a substance like a sugar pill as if it were a drug is called
a. the placebo effect.
b. an extraneous factor.
c. variability.
d. psychosomatic illness.
17. “I am primarily interested in thinking processes; I am a __________ psychologist.”
a. cognitive
b. learning
c. perception
d. personality
18. Brain mechanisms involved in hunger and thirst would most likely be studied by a
a. personality theorist.
b. sensory psychologist.
c. learning theorist.
d. biopsychologist.
19. Freud believed that all thoughts and actions are determined by
a. the first year of life.
b. forces in the personality that are often unconscious.
c. needs for love and self-esteem.
d. the drive for self-actualization
20. Which area in psychology would be most likely to study the phenomenon of “peer influence”?
a. social
b. comparative
c. physiological
d. school
21. Developmental psychologists study the effects of __________ on behavior.
a. marketing
b. learning disabilities
c. aging
d. robotics
22. Freud stressed the role of __________ in shaping our personalities.
a. the